The week that was …
Economic round-up
UK retail sales
The delayed retail sales figures for July showed volumes rising by 0.6%, ahead of expectations. Sunny weather and the women’s Euro football tournament helped to lift sales, with clothing and footwear stores seeing a strong month. Read more from the BBC here
Eurozone inflation
Eurozone inflation was in line with expectations in August, rising 2.1% from 2% the previous month. Core inflation remained unchanged at 2.3%. Services inflation ticked slightly lower, while goods inflation remained steady. Read more from ING here
US employment
US jobs growth slowed more than expected in July, with job creation falling to 22,000. Expectations had been for non-farm payrolls to slow to 50,000 from 73,000 in July. The unemployment rate rose to 4.3%. The figures raised expectations of a rate cut this month. Read more from Marketpulse here
China manufacturing surprise
China’s Caixin manufacturing purchasing managers’ index (PMI) jumped to 50.5 in August from 49.5 in July. The index had been expected to rise, but only to 50. The move puts the sector back in expansion territory. Read more from FX Street here
US services sentiment
US services sector activity picked up in August but employment remained subdued. The Institute for Supply Management (ISM) said the services PMI increased to 52.0 last month – up from 50.1 in July. This was marginally above economists’ expectations. Read more from Reuters here
US manufacturing sentiment
The US ISM manufacturing PMI fell short of expectations in August, recording a score of 48.7. This is up from 48.0 in July, but below analyst forecasts of 49.0. The index signalled a sixth straight month of contraction with a sharp drop in production. Employment continued to fall. Read more from Trading Economics here
Markets round-up
US bond yields drop
US treasury yields fell dramatically on Friday – in response to weaker jobs data – and investors are braced for the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates more deeply than previously expected. Two-year treasury yields fell 11.5 basis points to 3.506%, while the all-important 10-year yield was 14.2 basis points lower at 4.085%, according to Dow Jones Market Data. Read more from Marketwatch here
Gold gains
Gold prices could climb to almost $5,000 (£3,700) an ounce if Donald Trump continues to threaten the US central bank’s independence, according to Goldman Sachs. Gold has risen 35% this year, to $3,500 an ounce, making it one of the world’s best-performing major assets. Read more from the FT here
China slides
Chinese stocks saw their worst declines in five months on Thursday – a day after president Xi Jinping’s landmark military parade in Beijing. The blue-chip CSI 300 benchmark fell 2.1%, while Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index dropped 1%. Read more from the FT here
Europe’s smaller markets rise
Southern Europe’s previously unloved stockmarkets are outstripping those across the rest of the continent. Equity indices in Greece, Italy and Spain have pulled ahead of larger peers in Germany and France this year, outperforming the pan-continental Stoxx Europe 600 index. Read more from the FT here
“Gilt yields at the highest since the 1990s? Let’s put that another way – they haven’t offered greater return potential in nearly 30 years.
Selected equity and bond markets: 29/08/25 to 05/09/25
Markets | 29/08/25 (Close) |
05/09/25 (Close) |
Gain/loss |
---|---|---|---|
FTSE All-Share | 4793 | 4981 | +0.2% |
S&P500 | 6460 | 6481 | +0.3% |
MSCI World | 4178 | 4191 | +0.3% |
CNBC Magnificent Seven | 375 | 383 | +0.2% |
US 10-year treasury (yield) | 4.23% | 4.08% | |
UK 10-year gilt (yield) | 4.7% | 4.6% |
Investment round-up
Equity funds see outflows
Outflows from equity funds increased in August despite buoyant stockmarkets, as fund investors remained wary of high valuations. Investors withdrew £1.31bn from equity funds according to Calastone’s latest Fund Flow Index, the worst outflows since 2022.
Schroders’ senior hire from BNY
Schroders has hired Ed Mitchell as head of client group strategy execution and delivery. Joining from BNY Investments, where he was global head of distribution business operations, he has also held positions at Barclays and Henderson Global Investors.
Saba finds new target
Activist investor Saba Capital Management has taken a 5% position in SDCL Efficiency Income Trust. The share price of the trust, which is currently trading at a 36.2% discount and has almost £1.1bn in assets, dropped some two-thirds between July 2022 and May 2025.
Dimensional unveils UK ETFs
The US’s largest issuer of actively managed exchange traded funds is set to launch its first ETFs in Europe. Texas-based Dimensional Fund Advisors will unveil a core developed markets ETF and a small and mid-cap value vehicle, both listed in London and Frankfurt, before the end of the year.
FCA investigates LSE data-centres
The Financial Conduct Authority has started an investigation into the restricted access to the London Stock Exchange Group’s data-centres. The regulator is concerned the group and the landlord of the London Stock Exchange’s data centre building have “hindered competition for low-latency connectivity services between certain trading venues”.
Goldman Sachs buys into T Rowe Price
Goldman Sachs has taken a $1bn stake in T Rowe Price, as part of a “strategic collaboration” to deliver private and public market portfolios. The pair said they would leverage each other’s investment expertise, solutions and understanding of intermediaries to incorporate private markets into their offering.
LISA holders focus on retirement
Just 16% of Lifetime Isa holders have made a withdrawal to buy their first home, even though almost half had apparently opened the account with the intention of using it to fund a property purchase. The data suggests more people are choosing to use LISAs to fund their retirement.
… and the week that will be
US inflation data
Thursday’s reading of the monthly US consumer price index is likely to dominate this week’s economic releases, with investors hunting for signals on the prospects for interest rate cuts and the fallout from tariffs on prices. Bets on a rate cut this month have been accelerating. Read more from Reuters here
Tech sector updates
Apple is due to unveil several new iPhone models this week, while AMD, Broadcom, Meta and Nvidia will update investors at an influential technology conference. Oracle’s quarterly report is also out this week, in the wake of the cloud provider closing several big deals. Adobe’s own update will offer a look at AI demand. Read more from Investopedia here
The week in numbers
UK GDP growth: Consensus expectations are for UK gross domestic product growth for the three months to July to be 0.2% – down from 0.3% for the three months to June.
ECB rate decision: Interest rates are expected to be held at 2% by the European Central Bank on Thursday but comments around the outlook for inflation will be closely watched.
US inflation: The Consumer Prices Index (CPI) is expected to show prices rising in August by 0.3% month-on-month and 2.8% year-on-year, from 0.2% and 2.7% respectively. Core CPI, which excludes food and energy prices, is forecast to be 3.1% year-on-year, in line with last month, which may calm fears about a tariff-related bump in inflation.
China inflation: Prices in August, as gauged by the CPI, are expected to fall 0.1% year-on-year and rise 0.3% month-on-month.
US producer prices: Consensus forecasts for the US producer price index (PPI) in August are that factory-gate inflation will be 0.6% month-on-month, up from 0.9%, and core PPI will slow from 0.9% to 0.4%.
China trade: Consensus expectations are that August data will show exports rising 6.6% year-on-year and imports up 5%.
In focus: Gilty treasure?
If something as supposedly steady as the long end of the gilt market can have a rollercoaster week, then it just had one. Yields spiked, prompting plenty of hand-wringing about the state of the UK’s debt burden – not to mention the grim choices facing chancellor Rachel Reeves in her Budget, now inked in for 26 November. Maybe, though – just maybe – the reality does not justify the panic.
30-year gilt yields moved as high as 5.7% in the middle of last week – their highest level in more than a decade – prompting some overwrought headlines, including speculation the UK would have to seek help from the International Monetary Fund. Eventually, the clamour faded as Bank of England governor Andrew Bailey said it would pare back its quantitative tightening programme for the remainder of the year.
The temptation is to blame these periodic wobbles on the incumbent government’s poor management of the economy – and there is no doubt the administration’s precarious fiscal position has contributed.
“The rise in long-dated bond yields is happening without any corresponding rise in inflation expectations,” notes Andrew Pottie, investment director at Schroders. “This tells us the move is not being driven by anxiety about inflation but primarily reflects concern about government finances and the additional yield that investors require to hold longer-dated bonds.”
There is no shortage of reasons to be worried either. The UK’s net debt as a percentage of GDP was 96.1% at the end of July. Despite promises to the contrary, this is actually higher than the 95.6% level 12 months earlier. Gross government debt meanwhile is now £2.7tn and attempts to reduce it through cost savings have been largely unsuccessful, with the government forced to row back on benefit cuts and welfare reform. Economic growth could help bail the government out but has shown few signs of reviving.
According to Pottie, the big fear is for a “doom loop”. “Worrying levels of debt cause interest rates to rise; higher interest payments mean governments borrow more to meet day-to-day expenditure; and debt levels rise even further,” he explains.
Around a quarter of the UK’s national debt is in index-linked bonds, making it uniquely vulnerable to rising inflation.”
The structure of UK debt is also a cause for concern. Around a quarter of the UK’s national debt is in index-linked bonds, making it uniquely vulnerable to rising inflation. Part of the reason for higher debt bills is the rising repayments due on index-linked gilts.
Nevertheless, says Lothar Mentel, chief investment officer at Tatton Asset Management, while it is easy to get carried away with the “hell in a handbasket” narrative on government debt with talk of a looming gilt crisis, “we should remember this is not just a UK story”. “We saw a similar yield spike last autumn,” he adds. “There was crisis talk back then too, but long-term yields quickly came back down.”
Last week, at a Treasury Committee session, the Bank of England’s Bailey told MPs the recent commentary on the jump in long-dated borrowing costs had been “dramatic”, adding: “I wouldn’t exaggerate the 30-year bond rate.”
A significant part of the problem has been a ‘buyer’s strike’ at the longer end of the gilt market. Defined benefit pension funds have historically been a significant buyer of long-dated gilts, but these are declining in number as part of a shift to defined contribution schemes.
Equally, gilts are having to compete with other global bond markets at a time when lots of governments around the world have high debt burdens to support. There is, by and large, too much debt for investors to absorb and most countries are struggling.
“International factors have definitely contributed,” agrees Emma Moriarty, portfolio manager at CG Asset Management. “Gilts have to compete in the market of other developed market government bonds, and when all of the UK’s closest competitors – the US and Europe – are also facing intractable fiscal issues, market participants fear increasing supply in an environment where the traditional price insensitive buyers – central bank quantitative easing and pension funds – may not be able to respond to the same extent. Ultimately, price will be the adjustment mechanism.”
One striking feature of the Debt Management Office’s more recent announcements is the shift away from issuing long-dated gilts.”
While the problem is not about to go away, the UK is not in as bad a position as, say, Japan, where the central bank has struggled to gain buyers for its long-dated debt. “The real story for the UK should be that its Debt Management Office has just managed to syndicate £14bn of 10-year gilts – a record size,” argues Matthew Amis, investment director, rates management, at Aberdeen. “That is not something that could be delivered in a Truss-like meltdown.”
There are in fact relatively straightforward solutions to a buyers’ strike. The problem, for example, can be addressed by an easing of quantitative tightening – as the Bank of England is now doing. A shift of debt issuance from the long end to the short end is also a potential solution and this too is happening.
“One striking feature of the Debt Management Office’s more recent announcements is the shift away from issuing long-dated gilts,” says Moriarty. “The office is mandated to issue debt in a way that minimises financing costs and, more recently, their issuance has shifted away from longer-dated gilts and towards shorter maturities.”
One final question is whether gilts represent good value at these levels – particularly if the UK is not in danger of imminent default. Debt levels are high but they are not an outlier to other developed markets and the UK government still has a range of policy options at its disposal. It has yet to back away from any of its manifesto promises but this remains an option – albeit a politically unpalatable one.
For David Roberts, head of fixed income at Nedgroup Investments, gilts do look good value. “Gilt yields at the highest since the 1990s?” he begins. “Let’s put that another way – they haven’t offered greater return potential in nearly 30 years.
“And the widely reported sell-off has been orderly – so orderly in fact that total returns, year to date, are actually still slightly positive. You can afford a chunk of capital loss from an asset when you are being paid nearly 6% a year to own it so I am happy to add a small amount of such cheap assets to help diversify my global bond fund.’’
See more on this on YouTube here and read more from Statista here

In focus: US jobs data
In a return to the ‘bad news is good news’ days of the 2010s, markets rallied last week as weaker US jobs data made a rate cut in September a racing certainty. It is possible pressure may start to emerge for a 0.5% cut, rather than 0.25% – either way, stockmarkets are taking the win.
Still, amid all this excitement about a rate cut, the weaker jobs data is hardly unalloyed good news. US non-farm payrolls came in at 22,000 in August – against consensus forecasts of 75,000, and 79,000 in July.
Nor was this a one-off – as Evelyn Partners chief investment strategist Daniel Casali says, the three-month moving average shows job creation has slowed to a run-rate of 38,000, down from a peak of 232,000 in January. Meanwhile, the unemployment rate has risen to 4.3%. Apparently Donald Trump cannot just fire the right people to achieve the data he wants.
So how bad is it for the US economy? Casali says there is still limited evidence US tariffs have had a significant impact on corporate profit margins, adding: “The relative stability in profit margins does not point to a material pick-up in the unemployment rate over the next 12 months. While jobs growth has slowed, firms are still hiring.”
Casali reasons consumer demand has been relatively resilient and, alongside investment in AI infrastructure, this is helping to support the jobs market. “Real private investment in software and information-processing equipment grew at an annualised rate of nearly 30% in the first half of the year,” he adds. “This surge in tech-related capital expenditure has helped to lower recession risk.”
Another reason is that labour has so far remained relatively inexpensive. “In the first quarter of 2025, the share of US labour compensation in GDP was approximately 52%, down from a cyclical peak of 58% in 2001,” says Casali. This may come under threat from Trump’s immigration policies, however, as a source of cheap labour is removed.
Christophe Boucher, chief investment officer at ABN AMRO Investment Solutions, agrees, noting: “These figures should not be overinterpreted. The US economy remains far from entering a recession.” That said, he does point to signs of weakness in labour supply.
“The household survey print – more reflective of the supply side – remains the weakest spot in the report, which suggests part of the slow-down is supply-driven,” he elaborates. “The July Jolts survey suggests there is weakness in demand as well. A weakness in both supply and demand maintains the balance in the labour market but is not a healthy trajectory.”